Appendix I: The illustrations in Jenkins´ History of Exeter. 

Alexander Jenkins and John Hayman seem to have collaborated on only one of the 11 other plates or illustrations which appear in Jenkins´ History. Most of these would appear to have been engraved by Jenkins himself in wood. As he pointed out in his Preface: The major part of the plates, if not executed in the masterly stile (sic) of modern publications, will commemorate to posterity the places they are intended to represent.

William Upcott

William Upcott in his popular bibliography of works on English topography[i] wrote a complete listing of Jenkins´ illustrations:

1. The Gateway of Rougemont Castle, Exeter. J. H. Williams del. et a. f. fec. Exeter. To face the Title.
2. Plan of Exeter. Folded. Drawn by J. Hayman, engraved by B Baker and D. Wright, Islington, 1806. p.3.
3. Danmonia Romana. A. Jenkins fec. p.6.
4. Saxon Danmonia. A. Jenkins fec. p.16.
5. Ancient Cannon, and Anglo Saxon Coins &c. A. Jenkins fec. p.19.
6. West View of the Great Conduit at Carfoix, taken down in 1770. J. Hayman del. A. Jenkins fec. p.214.
7. A South View of the Old Bridge, Exeter. J. Coggan del. A. Jenkins fec. p.216.
8. North and South View of Rougemont Castle. A. Jenkins fec. p.278.
9. A Plan of Rougemont Castle, as described by Leland in the 16th Century. p.279.
10. Ichnography of Exeter Cathedral. T. Jones del. A. Jenkins fec. p.282.
11. Ancient Guildhall in Waterbear-Street, and Tower on the City Wall. A. Jenkins fec. p.365.
12. Coins found under the Gateway of St. John´s Hospital; also Coins found in Waterbear-street and Hills-Court, &c. p.376.

Note: The signature below 1. is so feint as to be almost illegible, but could read et Etchd. The “J” could be read as a cursive “T” (see Somers Cocks below).

 

James Davidson

Another popular bibliography[ii], Bibliotheca Devoniensis specialising in Devon literature, appeared in 1852 and simply listed a shortened title and “5 Maps and Plans. 7 Plates.” However, Davidson also thought it important to point out that a dozen copies had been printed on large paper.

Somers Cocks

Jenkins´ volume is listed in Somers Cocks[iii] (S.33.) and “Includes 7 wood engravings on 5 sheets by A Jenkins after J Hayman (except where stated), plus other plans &c.”

Somers Cocks includes only those illustrations which could be termed views, so does not list the five maps and plans.
He lists the first view as
[1] The gateway of Rougemont Castle, Exeter (by & after T H Williams)
but does not list it as a Frontispiece. He lists the other “views” but lists the views of Rougemont Castle erroneously as number 9. He implies that Hayman drew the sketches of the Exeter landmarks but this is not supported by the prints themselves. He possibly identifies T H Williams as the artist and lithographer who contributed 9 views to Thomas Moore´s History of Devon (1829).

 

The two maps of Devon and Cornwall (Danmonia Romana and Saxon Danmonia) are rough sketch maps but both signed by Jenkins – A Jenkins Fect. The plan of Rougemont Castle is not signed but was probably engraved by him; it is based on a coloured manuscript map held at the British Library[iv] which is 48 x 48 cm and executed at some period between 1509-1547 (possibly for Henry VIII). Originally ascribed to Leland it is now thought not to be by him.

 

Jenkins has signed the plan of the cathedral - A Jenkins sc – and the artist´s signature is given as J Jones del. The plan was based on an earlier plan[v]: The Ichnography of the Cathedral Church of St Peter, 1757, Exeter engraved by Coffin of Exeter. The artist´s signature on this previous plan is J Jones del 1757 (lower left below border). This was published by S Bonner of Bristol.

The plan included here is a much-reduced and inferior copy at 150 x 95 mm (the original is 348 x 220 mm) and with most of the notes removed. The 26 references are incised in wood; hence the writing has none of the attraction of the original. Jenkins possibly copied and added Jones´ name to ascribe original authorship, although, according to Maxted, John Jones died in 1828, but was a working jeweller and goldsmith in Goldsmith Street, and could have assisted or provided the original to work from.

n

The 1757 plan was engraved by Richard Coffin (b. 1682/3-d.1805, fl. 1759-1772), a local Exeter engraver and print seller, married to Sarah Salter of Clyst Honiton. He also executed A description of the great west window, in the cathedral church of St. Peter, at Exeter, as fitted up with painted glass, A.D. 1766 : with the dates of family honours of each nobleman and gentleman.[i] Coffin engraved the map of Bristol for Benjamin Donn of 1769 and found in The … guide to Bath, 1773.[ii]

---

[i] Copy in the Wellcombe Collection, London.

[ii] Worms and Baynton-Williams; British Map Engravers; London; Rare Book Society; 2011.

[i] Bibliographical Account of the principal works relating to English Topography (London, Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor) 1818.

[ii] Bibliotheca Devoniensis: A Catalogue of The Printed Books relating to the County of Devon: James Davidson; Exeter; William Roberts; 1852.

[iii] Somers Cocks; Devon Topographical Prints, 1660-1870; Devon Library Services; 1977.

[iv] Cartographic Items Additional MS. 5027.a.art.64.

[v] A copy is held by the Devon and Exeter Institute and can be viewed on-line at https://collectionsexplorer.devonandexeterinstitution.org/. 

     

Click to access:

Appendix II: Corrections to text in "proof" copy of Alexander Jenkins

Appendix III: Changes found in the Second Edition to Alexander Jenkins

                                            

[41] Cartographic Items Additional MS. 5027.a.art.64.

[42] A copy is held by the Devon and Exeter Institute and can be viewed on-line at https://collectionsexplorer.devonandexeterinstitution.org/.

[43] Copy in the Wellcombe Collection, London.

[44] Worms and Baynton-Williams; British Map Engravers; London; Rare Book Society; 2011.

 Appendix II: Corrections to text of “proof” copy of Alexander Jenkins´ work

As well as the person who made corrections to the map (see above) there are signs that (up to) three subsequent owners read the book and made corrections of their own. There are a number of pencil additions; one person has used red ink; and one person used Indian ink (and had a quill-style handwriting). I am personally convinced that the sequence was red ink, black ink and then pencil and will list their corrections accordingly. 

Red ink 

Whoever used red ink felt that the book lacked adequate notations concerning the illustrations and the chapters. As consequence, this person has introduced a number (omitting the frontispiece and the city map) for the illustrations beginning with the two maps of Devon and Cornwall in ancient times and inserting “3” and “page 6” (see map above) or “4” and “page 16” at the top. In similar fashion all the subsequent illustrations have been amended. For some reason or another the annotations on illustrations 6 and 7 have faded almost completely but one can just make them out.

From Chapter V (p.243) there are new margin headings on every subsequent page in the text. Thus, where Jenkins has Religion of the Ancient Britons Patriarchal the corrector has added Ancient Religion. Pages 241 and 242 were obviously seen as some sort of Appendix to the preceding pages and the word Appendix has been added at the top of each margin. There seems to be only one correction to the text: on p.232 Massey in the text has the last four letters crossed out and rtin has been added in the margin.^[45] There is one insertion of the number “72” on page 275 which would appear to be the correction of the number of the Bishop. At the very end Parish of St Mary Steps … 404 has been added to the list of churches in the short index; the list of Plates has added numbers; and strangely there are three pages of notes beginning on the verso of the final page (Plates).^[46]

Page 294, at the paragraph on William Syke, does have one small extra note with a footnote to follow: Donor of the lights, which were formerly burnt afternoon service / #Since the erection of Charity Schools in this City, the money formerly expended for those lights, has been wisely appropriated by the Dean and Chapter, for the better support of that useful institution.

The possibility that these were amendments made by Jenkins himself does not reflect itself in the revised 1841 edition. However, this copy of the book not only has the proof copy of the map but also one further pre-publication illustration; the engraving of the Great Conduit (p. 215) is incorrectly facing p.215 and not p.214; and it also lacks Hayman´s and Jenkins´s signatures. 

Black ink 

The next owner to add corrections and annotations was obviously very knowledgeable of the subject matter as can be seen from the number and variety of amendments made. These have been listed in Table 2. Although the vast majority are simple corrections, a number are expanded notes or completely new information. In addition, this writer has expanded the list of Mayors, Receivers and Stewards on page 239. As this list now ends in 1809 we can assume that the book was already in new hands only shortly after.

The final, pencil, amendments were made after this and the aforementioned list has been continued, but possibly only for the year 1809.

The number of Bishops serving in Exeter seems to have been a problem. The list appears to have been corrected by all three writers. The first added the 72 in red just below an entry stating that John Fisher was the seventy-first Bishop. The second set of corrections here were carried out in black ink with the writer changing numbers 68^th to 71^st (Jenkins) to 65^th to 68^th (i.e. ending with Fisher). But it was left to a later owner to change the 67^th and replace it with 64^th (Jenkins had in fact jumped from 63d to 67^th).

Apart from any modifications noted above, the bulk of the changes and/or additions begin at page 197.

Table 2.

List of changes/additions/notes from page 197 to p.405. Red denotes that these were already noted in the Errata on page 455.

 

page	Main word	changes/additions/notes
197	Chancellor	Sub Chanter
199	Wood and Yard	Surnames swapped round
202	Extra note	See MS at end – unclear which
213	tower	This was in 1766
217	Andrew Brice	1773 Mobiad – unclear - 9
220	Charles Fanshawe	Stephen Hawtrey
221	Down(e)s	e/ in margin
222	for	of
223	accident	?did not this accident happen at the building of the Goal instead of the Barracks
239	Mayors etc	List extended to end 1809
247	Dicetas	u/ for “e” (twice)
249	Warl(e)west	e/ in margin and extra note to footnote at end of page #This is the tomb of John the Chanter
250	little	Almost (in footnote)
251	John (Chanter)  lays	It appears he had been Chanter at Hartland Abbey. See Polwhele´s Devon Vol. I. page 236. lies
254	Last para.	A number of changes: Choir for body (in margin) Nave, or body of the Church from the … Westward to leave choir Egloshall to become Egloshayle
255	Thomas Bitton  Mill(e)s	Thomas deButton See page 251 in footnote e/ in margin
262	North Tower	Note: or more probably erected the cupola thereon
265	Bishop Vois(e)y	e/ in margin (twice)
274/5	List of Bishops	See above
282	Chapel  Isaac	Note: on this site of ye eastern part most probably Hooker/Hooker´s errors (o deleted?)
287	St John Can(n)on 29 pillars Days of the moon	the Baptist added deletion mark note: this must be for (###) pillars support the gallery at ye upper tier of the windows deleted
288	Pulpit	Note: Thomas Hadley was the joiner and so was directed by ye Chapter 5th April 1684 to be expended in building the same
289	Sabbath James	Sundays Note: See 451
290	Pulpit	Note added: particularly ye canopy which was designed by ye late ingenious Mr Thomas Jones., Architect.
294	Seventh poem	Sixth Three corrections to Latin words: comitis, calisae (sic) and firmatus
297	Latin quotation ancient in footnote	Punctuation – a comma replacing each ? Deleted Two amendments to footnote: that and nine added to line Note: similar monuments, are in Salisbury and Wells cathedrals and the like stories told of fasting
309	footnote	to the vulgar replaced by by the virgers as
310-11	Numbers added	To most of the officers from The Deanry (1) to Philip Fisher 1805 (24) to show the 24 Prebendaries Note added to 4 (Archdeacon): who is also ye Treasurer Note added at 9 (Third Canon): including those marked as above (i.e., numbered)
313	Statues	Note added: after the Reformation
316-17	Extensive footnote	See below
317	Tower Commendam	Extensive footnote, see below Sequestration
327	Parishioners	Note added: The donation of the Revd Thomas Long of this city. It was consecrated by Bp Trelawney 2nd April 1692.
339	Edward Pye	Arthur
343	about the year 1770	In the year 1774
346	St Sidwella	Sativola (twice) and note added: corrupted most probably from Satir´s well.
360	John Leigh	Ley
368	1768 (line 8) 1768 (last line) 35 feet	1765 1766 Note added: The Bishop´s Licence for taking down about 30 feet bears date the 1st August 1765.
381	tertenant	Leaving tenant
387	In commendam	By sequestration and corrected in footnote, sequestrator replacing rector
389	slender pillars / arches  note added below:	Both underlined and note added: by massive Pillars of the norman style forming circular arches The round pillars and arches appear to have belonged to the original fabric. The external walls are of a later date.
395	Saxon	Rather of Norman
405	body	head

 

Pages 316-317 have extensive footnotes. However, it looks as if the footnote begins on page 317 and carries backwards over onto 316. Unfortunately, not all is clearly legible.

Page 317. The following memorandum is inserted in the old Register book belonging to this parish and since June año 1644 ther hath been no names entered in the Register booke of christenings , weddings or burial by reason there have been no Divine Office of either prayer or preaching constantly performed in this pish (parish?) ### this booke belongeth, and such as have been baptised, married or buried have been (for the most part) strangers as those ministers that have officiated the same have been strangers. The Lord in his good time set open the doors of the churches again (if it be his blessed will) and #### his ordinances in Forever and -  Page 316. Purity that so both the pastor and people may write 4^th freedom and safety to praise and glorify his blessed name which is and always shall be the prayer of ye most unworthy Rector of St Martin´s Rob^t Parsons.

N.B. Mr Parsons was at the same time Rector of St Martin´s and priest vicar of the Cathedral Church, lived to be restored to both these Preferments and died according to Dr Walker (Suff/erage of ye Clergy pt2 page 32 July 1676.

Pencil annotations

Improvements in the text by this hand include only one spelling correction (stile in Preface); the replacing of one word (this for with on page 208); the Bishop´s List extended to 1809 (p.239) with alteration of the numbering concerning the Bishops of Exeter (p.273); the inclusion of two extra footnotes on pages 396 and to the list of Plates page. There is one illegible note on page 225 and on the list of churches (Contents) St George´s … 387 has been inserted.

The note added on page 396 reads; ?Why in Paris Street is a stone with this inscription laid on ye foot way ### ye ## in St Olaves Brazon Post ### wardens 1810.^[47]

The Footnote added at Plates reads: ?(419) (6£ for 6s) for this. On this page two of the corrections in the original Errata have been transcribed (238 line 1 Thomos read Thomas and 221 line 3 gratefel r grateful). 

One can only speculate who carried out any, or even all, the corrections. The person responsible for the map changes may have had nothing to do with the other corrections listed above; and, indeed, all the later corrections could have been by the same owner. The frequent repetition of ye (yͤ) in the ms notes is intriguing, appearing in black ink and pencil.

This early owner may even have come across the proof map separately and had it bound in to their own copy. 

To access, click:

Appendix I:The illustrations in Alexander Jenkins´ History of Exeter

Appendix II: Corrections to text in "proof" copy of Alexander Jenkins

Appendix III: Changes found in the Second Edition to Alexander Jenkins

[45] In 1802 the Revd Joseph Martin was Canon Residentiary in Exeter: see sermon preached in the Cathedral Church of St Paul on Thursday June 18, 1812; Revd Landon D.D.; London; for the SPCK; 1812. Listed on P.82.

[46] This seems to be a transcription of a bye-law passed 21^st April 1807 concerning keeping Exeter´s streets clean.

[47] In Oliver´s History of Exeter there is a mention that the stone replaces a previous brazen post to mark the site of a house donated to the parish by John Wynard, dated 5 Edw. IV (i.e., 1466). He does not mention a French inscription.